Decoration Day, as it was first known, was first enacted to honor fallen Union soldiers of the civil war. One of the earliest known observances happened after former slaves had converted a mass grave at the former Washington Race Course, now Hampton Park, in Charleston, South Carolina, into a cemetery. The race course had been used as a temporary Confederate prison camp. When the hostilities ended, the former slaves exhumed the bodies and reinterred them properly. They built a fence around the graveyard and declared it a Union graveyard. On May 1, 1865, a crowd of up to ten thousand people, mainly african-americans, marched to the location for sermons, singing, and a picnic. It was the first Decoration Day.
Sleep, comrades, sleep and rest
On this Field of the Grounded Arms
Where foes no more molest
Where foes no more molest
Nor sentry's shot alarms
Ye have slept on the ground before
And started to your feet
At the cannon's sudden roar
Or the drum's redoubling beat
But in this camp of Death
No sound your slumber breaks
Here is no fevered breath
No wound that bleeds and aches
All is repose and peace
Untrampled lies the sod
The shouts of battle cease
It is the Truce of God
Rest, comrades, rest and sleep
The thoughts of men shall be
The thoughts of men shall be
As sentinels to keep
Your rest from danger free
Your silent tents of green
We deck with fragrant flowers
Yours has the suffering been
The memory shall be ours
Decoration Day - by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow